Synergistic approach to the study of stability and mobility of the word meaning (on the material of polysemant red)
https://doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2022-8-3-459-470
Abstract
We analyze the semantic structure of the polysemant red. The purpose of study is synergistic understanding of semantic stability and mobility of a polysemantic word. The main methods of the linguistic research are comparative, additive, comparative-historical, historical-comparative and method of component analysis. The problem of the stability and mobility of the word meaning is associated, on the one hand, with a significant accumulation of actual material, which requires explanation, on the other hand, with insufficient explanatory power of traditional approaches to study of semantic asymmetry and objective difficulties in reconstructing the preliterate state of a word semantics. The novelty of the study is determined by a synergistic approach to the study of the stability and mobility of the word meaning, which involves considering semantic asymmetry in a synergistic system. It is revealed that the unity of stability and mobility of polysemant semantic structure as a hierarchically organized system of sememes provides its dynamic equilibrium. In the process of lexeme evolution, dynamic equilibrium is disrupted due to hypertrophied growth of the meant with one meaning, that leads to the instability of the system and cardinal changes in it. It is justified that the semantic stability of a polysemant red is manifested in its preservation of the sememe “red” and is ensured by homeostaticity and hierachicity, and the semantical mobility is manifested, in particular, in the actualization of one sememe or some sememes, and in the redemption of others, and is determined by the incompletness, instability and nonlinear style of a polysemantic word as a synergistic system. We conclude that it is possible to use the results of the study for a dynamic (synchronous-diachronic) description of polysemantic words.
About the Authors
G. I. Kanakina
Penza State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Galina I. Kanakina, Candidate of Pedagogy, Professor, Head of “Russian Language and Methods of Teaching Russian Language” Department of the V.G. Belinsky Institute of Teacher Education
40 Krasnaya St., Penza 440026
S. V. Kezina
Penza State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Svetlana V. Kezina, Doctor of Philology, Associate Professor, Professor of “Russian Language and Methods of Teaching Russian Language” Department of the V.G. Belinsky Institute of Teacher Education
40 Krasnaya St., Penza 440026
References
1. Komarova Z.I. Metodologiya, metod, metodika i tekhnologiya nauchnykh issledovaniy v lingvistike [Methodology, Method, Technique and Technology of Scientific Research in Linguistics]. Moscow, Flinta Publ., 2014, 820 p. (In Russian).
2. Melnikov G.P. Sistemologiya i yazykovyye aspekty kibernetiki [Systemology and Linguistic Aspects of Cybernetics]. Moscow, Sovetskoye radio Publ., 1978, 368 p. (In Russian).
3. Sadovskogo V.N., Yudina E.G. (general ed. and introductory art.). Issledovaniya po obshchey teorii sistem: sbornik perevodov [Studies in General Systems Theory: Collection of Translations]. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1969, 518 p. (In Russian).
4. Pikhtovnikovoy L.S. (general ed.). Sinergetika v filologicheskikh issledovaniyakh [Synergetics in Philological Research]. Kharkov, Karazin University Publ., 2015, 340 p. (In Russian).
5. Barbazyuk V.Y. Vozniknoveniye sinergeticheskoy paradigmy v yazykoznanii [The emergence of a synergetic paradigm in linguistics]. Lingua mobilis, 2010, no. 6 (25), pp. 12-19. (In Russian).
6. Dombrovan T.I. Istoriya angliyskogo yazyka kak ob”yekt issledovaniya v diakhronicheskoy lingvosinergetike [The history of the English language as an object of study in diachronic linguosynergetics]. Sinergetika v filologicheskikh issledovaniyakh [Synergetics in Philological Research]. Kharkov, Karazin University Publ., 2015, pp. 20-61. (In Russian).
7. Pyatayeva N.V. Printsipy i metody dinamicheskogo issledovaniya slozhnykh leksicheskikh sistem [Principles and methods of dynamic research of complex lexical systems]. Paradigmata Poznáni – Paradigms of Knowlege, 2015, no. 1, pp. 42-48. (In Russian).
8. Pyatayeva N.V. Antropotsentricheskiy i sinergeticheskiy printsipy lingvistiki v dinamicheskom issledovanii leksicheskikh gnezd [Anthropocentric and Synergetic Principles of Linguistics in the Dynamic Study of Lexical Nests]. Moscow; Berlin, Direct-Media Publ., 2019, 185 p. (In Russian).
9. Bogodist V.I. Lingvisticheskaya sinergetika i slovarnyy sostav sovremennogo frantsuzskogo yazyka [Linguistic synergy and vocabulary of the modern French language]. Povolzhskiy pedagogicheskiy poisk. Filologiya – Volga Region Pedagogical Search. Philology, 2014, no. 3 (9), pp. 133-135. (In Russian).
10. Dubinina N.V., Nikiforova E.B. Dinamicheskiye protsessy v leksiko-semanticheskoy gruppe «Kolorativy» [Dynamic processes in lexico-semantic group of “Coloratives”]. Vestnik Volzhskogo universiteta im. V.N. Tatishcheva – The Reporter of Volzhsky University after V.N. Tatischev, 2018, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 101-107. (In Russian).
11. Ponomarenko E.V., Parsh·chtina G.A. Nelineynost’ kak sistemnoye svoystvo funktsional’nogo prostranstva angliyskogo delovogo diskursa [Non-linearity as systemic property of functional space of business English discourse]. Vestnik Samarskogo universiteta. Istoriya, pedagogika, filologiya – Vestnik of Samara University. History, Pedagogics, Philology, 2018, vol. 24, no 3, pp. 156-160. (In Russian).
12. Shakhovskiy V.I. Sinergetika slova v semasiologicheskoy semiotike yazyka [Synergy of a word in semasiological semiotics of the language]. Mir russkogo slova – The World of Russian Word, 2015, no. 2, pp. 5-11. (In Russian).
13. Konopelko I.P. Sopostavitel’nyy analiz v issledovanii i prepodavanii yazyka (iz opyta Voronezhskoy shkoly sopostavitel’nykh issledovaniy) [Comparative Analysis in Language Research and Teaching (From the Experience of the Voronezh School of Comparative Studies)]. Voronezh, “Ritm” Publ., 2019, 226 p. (In Russian).
14. Tolstoy N.I. Nekotoryye problemy sravnitel’noy slavyanskoy semasiologii [Some problems of comparative Slavic semasiology]. Slavyanskoye yazykoznaniye: 6 Mezhdunarodny s”yezd slavistov [Slavic Linguistics: 6th International Congress of Slavists]. Moscow, USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1968, pp. 339-365. (In Russian).
15. Popova A.R. Slovo-polisemant i leksiko-semanticheskaya sistema: cherty izomorfizma [А polysemantic word and lexical-semantic system: features of isomorphism]. Vestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnyye nauki – Tambov University Review: Series Humanities, 2009, no. 7 (75), pp. 250-256. (In Russian).
16. Shvedova N.Y. Teoreticheskiye rezul’taty, poluchennyye v rabote nad «Russkim semanticheskim slovarem» [Theoretical results obtained in the work on the “Russian Semantic Dictionary”]. Voprosy yazykoznaniya – Topics in the Study of Language, 1999, no. 1, pp. 3-16. (In Russian).
17. Budagov R.A. K probleme ustoychivykh i podvizhnykh elementov v leksike [On the problem of stable and mobile elements in vocabulary]. Izvestiya AN SSSR. Otdeleniye literatury i yazyka – Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Literature and Language Department, 1951, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 105-115.
18. Gak V.G. K dialektike semanticheskikh otnosheniy v yazyke [On the dialectic of semantic relations in language]. Printsipy i metody semanticheskikh issledovaniy [Principles and Methods of Semantic Research]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1976, pp. 73-91. (In Russian).
19. Moskovich V.A. Iz polesskoy terminologii tsvetooboznacheniy [From Polissya terminology of color designations]. Poles’ye [Woodlands]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1968, pp. 126-161. (In Russian).
20. Makovskiy M.M. Lingvisticheskaya genetika: Problemy ontogeneza slova v indoyevropeyskikh yazykakh [Linguistic Genetics: Problems of Word Ontogeny in Indo-European Languages]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1992, 189 p. (In Russian).
21. Ivanov V.V., Trubachev O.N. Fedot Petrovich Filin (1908–1982) [Fedot Petrovich Filin (1908–1982)]. Voprosy yazykoznaniya – Topics in the Study of Language, 1982, no. 4, pp. 3-9. (In Russian).
22. Kezina S.V. Semanticheskoye pole tsvetooboznacheniy v russkom yazyke (diakhronicheskiy aspekt) [Semantic Field of Colour Terms in Russian (Diachronic Aspect)]. Penza, Penza State University named after V.G. Belinsky, 2008, 304 p. (In Russian).
23. Sadykova I.V. Oboznacheniye krasnogo tsveta v russkom yazyke v istoriko-etimologicheskom aspekte: avtoref. dis. ... kand. filol. nauk [The Designation of the Red Color in Russian in the Historical and Etymological Aspect. Cand. philol. sci. diss. abstr.]. Tomsk, 2006, 21 p. (In Russian).
24. Kezina S.V. «Krasnoye» i «chernoye»: k voprosu o proiskhozhdenii tsvetooboznacheniy [“Red” and “black”: on the question of the origin of colour designations]. Tezisy i materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii «Yazyk v prostranstve i vremeni» [Theses and Materials of the International scientific Conference “Language in Space and Time”]. Samara, Samara State Pedagogical University Publ., 2002, pt 1, pp. 27-32. (In Russian).
25. Bakhilina N.B. Istoriya tsvetooboznacheniy v russkom yazyke [The History of Colour Terms in Russian]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1975, 288 p. (In Russian).
Review
For citations:
Kanakina G.I., Kezina S.V. Synergistic approach to the study of stability and mobility of the word meaning (on the material of polysemant red). Neophilology. 2022;8(3):459-570. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2022-8-3-459-470
Views:
65
Email this article 