Root -PIT- in Russian toponymicon

Abstract

It is devoted to the review of etymology of the root -PIT-, which is based on the oikonyme Piterka, Piterka 1^st, Piterka 2^nd, Piterskoe, Pitirim, hydronym Piterka on the territory of Tambov region, Piterskaya street in Tambov. This fact let us talk about retrospective consideration of nomination in Russian onomastics. It is proved, that toponyms as of the components of onomastic space is defined by three levels of categorization: basic, subordinate and superordinate. Generally accepted names of oikonyms and urban linear units contain the most valuable information, which characterizes the addressness (official names of topounits). Such toponymic units are concentrated on basic level. Unofficial names of address units, given by the local inhabitants, for example Питер (Peter, short for Saint-Petersburg), are oriented for the everyday oral speech (based on associations, accord and etc.) and are presented at subordinate level. At this level toponyms are also presented, which are used in colloquial speech, when communicators own the situation of communication and the accompanying toponym appellative unit may be omitted. I live in Peter. I am going out at Tsensky street. Linguacognitive direction of the research let review the specifics of nomination of geographic units in conceptual perspective when the attention is focused on mental processes of appearance in the language of toponymic and urbanonymic units, accompanying the widening of paradigm of linguistic studies of Russian.