We offer an extended understanding of the linguistic term distribution. We list its possible constructs in various communicative acts and communicative-semantic situations in the aspect of a new linguistic paradigm – “Emotive linguoecology”. We distinguish several constructs for the distribution of the communicative interaction of speakers. Each type of construct is illustrated with examples from the history and modern life of the Russian language, as well as fiction autobiographical literature, pedagogical parables and Internet resources. We substantiate that the modern era is characterized by the presence of createme, emotionalization and expressivization of society, as evidenced by the ecology of communication. We argue that one of the main tasks of modern world linguistics is to curb human emotions with language, its linguoplastics and reorientation of all types of communication to a positive vector. To consider linguistic facts, we propose a nontrivial approach to understanding the term concept of linguistic distribution, namely, its extended understanding: word position from right to left (contact / discount / distant), action, situation, event, confession, culture, social environment, micro-, macrocontext, chapter / section context, book parts, vertical context of the entire book, vertical context of all texts of one author , the vertical context of all books by all authors, the specific culture of all authors of fictional and nonfictional works - the global mega-context of some global word / global semantic universum. 

The research is aimed at identifying the role and determining the function of the text message header of the university’s corporate website. The work purpose is to consider and describe linguistic features of the corporate website texts nomination not only as one of the main structural components of its content, but also as a verbal unit that performs an attractive function for the addressee and at the same time positioning function of the university in the educational market. We attempt to define the notion of “language attraction” and its pragmatic setting. The texts’ headlines are analyzed in term of grammatical diversity, lexical content, semantic positioning, emotive content and argue the point of view that they act as translators not only of information about the university’s activity content, but also attracts the university positioning in the segment of educational institutions. 

We consider the main qualification features of text units with the semantics of reference to participants in the communicative Russian speech space, taking into account lexical and grammatical ways of expression. This allows us to determine their differential features and classification types, reflecting the dynamics in the formation of references in the system of the modern Russian language. We pay special attention to references of different forms, which not only represent the speaker’s attitude to the object of speech, characterize it, but also enhance imagery and emotionality, give us an idea of the author as a linguistic person. We emphasize that conversion should be considered a linguistic universal. It serves the organization and regulation of communication relations. The choice of a particular form of reference reflects the attitude towards the interlocutor, conditioned by a variety of factors. That is why conversion is a socially important component of dialogical speech. We determine the main parameters of the semantic, grammatical and functional features of references based on the materials of linguistic research, as well as the prospects for scientific research in this direction. A survey is conducted on the use of certain forms of references strangers among students of the Derzhavin Tambov State University. Questions related to their perception of the most frequent references in the modern Russian language are proposed. We establish that in modern Russian there is a problem when references a stranger. 

We consider the peculiarities of ecclesionyms functioning in Unzha patois from the point of their form, semantic structure and speech usage. The research is based on the texts of the local writer E.V. Chestnyakov, as well as field materials collected in Kologriv and its environs. We analyze a number of religious constructions names and identify their connection with the topography of the area. We pay special attention to identify the sacred elements of the interior decoration of the chapel closest to the writer's house, where in the texts of E.V. Chestnyakov adjoins Church Slavonic and folk and colloquial vocabulary, as well as the status in the patois of the lexeme chapel, which can be considered as a transform of a common noun into a proper name, which is typical for small territories. We note that a specific feature of the ecclesionims, the names of the Unzha churches, which act as local topographic signs, are such types of metonymy as the transfer of one of the side-altars to the entire temple name – the temple name to the village, and the village name to the temple. We conclude that the live folk speech re-codes complex official names into short, and often different, variants. Often, the transformed names of religious constructions reflect dialectal phenomena and the local topography features.  

We present an analysis of the connotative potential of macrotoponyms Asia, America, Europe, China, Russia, whose emotional-evaluative connotations form a fragment of the value world picture of modern native speakers of the Russian language. The purpose of the undertaken research is to find out onymic and postonymic connotations of the onyms which have taken shape under the influence of political, economical and cultural factors in the Russian society for the last three decades. To evaluate these connotations we analyze the contextual usage of the studied onyms in connotative usage in texts of mass media and journalism. We determine the dynamic of the research macrotoponyms connotations in the designated period. We identify persistent connotations of research toponyms, connotations which are losing their relevance and connotation which are forming last several years. This indicates the mobility of the language consciousness of native speakers of the Russian language, also this shows that this or that connotative meaning of onym is relevant in a certain period of time. An interesting fact is that by macrotoponyms Europe and America positive connotations are replaced by negative connotations. Toponyms Asia, China and toponyms China, Russia has synonymous connotations. Connotations of toponym Europe are often contrasted with connotations of toponym Russia. The obtained results can be used by the lexicographic description of the research connotative toponyms. 

The aim of the work is to identify the factors of national stereotypes destruction and onomastic formulas in online games of the telephone format (on the example of the game “Supreme Mandarin”). The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the analysis of the anthroponymy and ergonymy of online games allows us to judge the place of the national and international in the gaming space, and therefore in the minds of our contemporaries. We use structural and semantic methods of onomastics analysis, etymological analysis, and the psychological method of participatory observation. The scientific novelty consists in the collection of new linguistic material (anthroponymy and ergonymy of the online game “Supreme Mandarin”) and its analysis from the standpoint of the proper names correspondence of the setting to the nationally oriented formulas for naming persons. We reveal that the programmed system of assigning game names, as well as the names of characters, supports and simultaneously destroys the authenticity of the game’s time and space. The setting is invaded by foreign or distorted ethnically oriented formulas for naming faces, parts of characters. The strengthening of breaking stereotypes “outerly” is due to the choice of gamers (in broad sense of the term) game names, ergonomics (alliance designation) without the intervention of the system. We determine that at the same time gender correlation is lost, stability and national authenticity of the personal name are eroded, and the fashionable ideas of communities dominate. Conclusions: analysis of anthroponyms and ergonomics of the game “Supreme Mandarin” shows violations of a number of nominative traditions: the ritual of naming and changing the name, ethnic onyms marking, gender identity. The violation of the authenticity of time and space reflects the mixed mass culture of the 21st century. 

The issues of studying regional toponymic vocabulary are currently among the priority areas of onomastic research. The particular interest is the consideration of borderland toponymic systems, since the base of toponyms that exist in border zones contain voluminous linguocultural information that reflects the interaction of languages and cultures of neighboring ethnic groups. We analyze a fragment of Smolensk-Vitebsk borderland toponymic system, a territory that historically reflects the commonality of Russian and Belarusian peoples, their languages and cultures. We describe in detail the names of settlements (oikonyms), marked on both sides of the state border. We consider their frequency, distribution by lexico-semantic groups, toponyms etymology, the presence of toponyms in lexicographic sources. Based on a comprehensive analysis of common geographical names, we prove that the commonality of toponymic systems fragment, Russian (Smolensk) and Belarusian (Vitebsk), generated by historical and geographical unity, also testifies to the deep historical commonality of two peoples – Russian and Belarusian, as well as Eastern Slavs in the whole. The material is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. 

We consider the issues of the relationship between the German language and the Sorbian language. The material of the study is the toponyms that are common in the territory that extends in the east to the course of the rivers Bober, Quays and Oder, in the north – to the vicinity of Berlin, and in the west goes beyond the Saale River. The relevance of the study is due to the desire for a more in-depth study of German-Slavic language contacts issues. The novelty of the work lies in the consideration of the issue in various aspects: language levels, sociolinguistic, areal. We study the mechanisms and properties of adaptation of Slavic toponyms at all linguistic levels, clarify the methodology for describing the integration process of borrowed toponyms, describe the phase’s characteristic of the integration process. We show that among the Slavs and Germans, semantic parallelism in the acts of nomination is often noted, due to the geographical environment. We establish that the linguo-geographic relations that developed during the German-Lusatian toponymic interaction are heterogeneous in nature. We conclude that interlanguage contacts in the field of toponymy were complex and did not have a monolithic character, as was previously believed. As a prospect for further research, it is planned to study the Slavic Germanic place names in the Slavic languages. 

The work analyzes the concept of “Mental activity” as a component of the linguistic personality of a child during his infancy and early childhood on the linguistic material of the first book of the autobiographical novel by I.A. Bunin’s “Life of Arseniev”. Thus, the subject of the research is the linguo-cognitive model of the concept of “Mental activity” with a core and a system of peripheral means. Cognitive activity as a component of the characteristics of a linguistic personality occupies an important place in cognitive linguistics. Thus, the relevance of the presented article lies in the appeal to the phenomenon of the linguistic personality of the character of a work of art, the problem of its typology and method of description. The purpose of the article is to identify and then analyze the lexical means of representing the concept of “Mental activity” and its functioning in the novel based on statistical, descriptive methods and the method of conceptual analysis. In the conclusions reached by the author of the article, it is substantiated that the mental activity of a child reflects the specifics of his age and intellectual development, the characteristics of his environment, the socio-economic and cultural-historical conditions in which he grows up, is associated with the communicative strategies of his linguistic personality. The materials of the article can find practical application in university courses on textual criticism, cognitive linguistics, and linguistic text analysis. 

In the age of information, media language takes on special importance. Its continuous development is linked primarily to the evolution of information transfer technologies, which provide media language a special role as a model of national language in the information space. Media speech influences language norms, tastes and preferences of native speakers more than official, academic or artistic speech. The study of media texts as a result of speech immersed in a specific social context may help to examine in greater detail the basic principles of certain spheres of life. This, in addition to considering the translation of media articles and its linguistic and pragmatic features, can form the basis for further linguistic research, and additionally is especially relevant in light of the global emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this work the linguistic and pragmatic translation features of media texts were considered on the basis of media texts on  COVID-19 in Chinese. By analyzing these articles, data on the structure and characteristics of media texts and media language are proposed, which can help to delve deeper into the specifics of media language and the translation of media texts; analysis of the translation of media articles from Chinese into Russian is also conducted. 

We present a comparative analysis of the concept “Happiness” in the Russian and Dagestan linguistic world-image. We note the prevalence degree of proverbs and sayings about happiness in Russian and Dagestan cultures, we identify the conceptual field (joy, luck, goodness, work, wealth) inherent in the semantics of the concept “Happiness” in the phraseological units of the studied languages. We consider the key semantic accents in the understanding of happiness (the relationship of happiness with unhappiness and fate). As a result of the analysis, we note the comprehension intensity of the concept of “Happiness” in Russian culture, the great semantic uniqueness of popular ideas about happiness among the Dagestan peoples, as well as the dialectical relationship of happiness and unhappiness in both linguistic world-image. 

We investigate the comic as a special artistry mode, which consists in identifying at the compositional level the structural functionality of comic techniques when depicting the “inconsistency of the world order” on the example of the novel by G.M. Sluzhitel “The Days of Savely” with the help of characters playing their roles and changing role masks to show the relativity of everything in the world, except for the absoluteness of love as the most important category of eternity. We show that in the novel “The Days of Savely” various types of comic are used: direct and hidden mockery, laughter symbolism of details, stylization and fusion of various vocabulary layers, intertextual inclusions, new interpretation of precedent phenomena, etc. We substantiate the concept that the functionality of comic techniques in the work of Grigory Sluzhitel is extensive. The most important functions of the comic are: the ubiquitous images characterization; identifying the main “core” of the protagonist character and other heroes of the novel; interpretation of the events taking place in the “The Days of Savely” through the prism of the “wise child” perception – Savva cat; determining or predicting the fate of characters; expression of the author’s worldview, formulation of the work main idea; determination of the relativity of earthly life by playing various images in comparison with them. 

We consider the phenomenon of network literature as an integral part of the modern literary process. We analyze such a phenomenon as a “writing blog” for its compliance with the basic requirements of the neterature: hypertextuality, interactivity, multimedia, informality and processuality of the text, as well as its semantic content. We conduct a study of the author’s blogs of D. Glukhovsky, E. Vodolazkin, E. Grishkovets, on the one hand, as methods of creating an artistic work, on the other, as ways of promoting the personality and creativity of the writer. Meanwhile, we identify not only the author’s peculiarities of blogging and communication of writers with the readership, but also the individual approaches of particular artistic individuals to the creation and popularization of their works (collective texts writing, combining an artistic work with multimedia content, etc.). We consider the issue of studying online literature in secondary educational institutions, and also develop ways to solve it. In particular, we propose an introduction to the educational process of research project work on topical issues of neterature, modern interactive teaching methods, as well as communication of schoolchildren with modern network writers in the format of forums and blogs. 

The work uses the materials of the Dostoevsky’s Language Dictionary argues the key function of idioglossas fear and laughter in F.M. Dostoevsky thesaurus. Thus, the main method of the research is the lexicographic parametrization of the author’s lingual identity. The relevance of the topic being developed is the need for further search of the methods for reconstructing the lingual identity, specifically – the lingual identity of Dostoevsky. These idioglossas are the centers of the corresponding textual semantic fields, which are undoubtedly interconnected with each other in the writer’s worldview. The work presents statistical data on the use of the words fear and laughter in the texts of Dostoevsky and other writers, his contemporaries. The list of laugh situations in the texts of Dostoevsky, proposed by Y.N. Karaulov and Y.L. Ginzburg, is broaden, for example, the laugh intention can be the desire to hide by the character some moral standards denial, the compensatory function of laugh, etc. We analyze the attributive relationships of the words laughter and fear emphasizing the idioglossary status of these words. It is concluded that the basis of Dostoevsky lingual identity is first of all Homo Ridens – “man laughing”. In addition, the analysis of dictionary entries fear, scary, fearfully, etc. of Dostoevsky’s Language Dictionary allows us to fix the reasons for the appearance of fear in Dostoevsky’s characters and of the author himself, the most important of which are uncertainty and randomness. This conclusion seems quite reasonable and does not contradict the results of the most studies of Dostoevsky’s language and creativity. 

We consider the structure of unrenowned poetry collection “From the ashes” (1929) by undeservedly forgotten Gallipoli poet N.V. Stanyukovich. The relevance of the study is due to the need to address little-known phenomenon of the Russian literature abroad – writers’ creative activity in the Gallipoli camp of the Russian Army of Baron P.N. Wrangel in 1920–1921. The purpose of the study is to examine the features of image-motive structure of the collection “From the ashes” by N.V. Stanyukovich. Based on the use of biographical, structural-typological, culturalhistorical approaches, we analyze the image-motive dominants of the collection “From the ashes”, which include the motives of war, death, life, fate, homesickness, hearts, creativity, images of the steppe, graves , war horse, train station, etc. We pay attention on the fact how N.V. Stanyukovich uses sound, color, compositional, rhythmic techniques in his works, which testifies to the maturity of the writer’s creative manner. We suggest that the Gallipoli sitting became the most tragic page in N.V. Stanyukovich’s life, despite the fact that it contributed to the beginning of his creative career. After the collection “From the ashes”, poet avoids Gallipoli theme, although military problems remain relevant. 

Based on two relatively early works by Y.V. Bondarev, the novel “Silence” and the story “Relatives”, investigated the problems of spiritual and moral meaning, which were fundamental for the front-line writer throughout his difficult, long-term creative path. We trace the beginning of their artistic and philosophical development in the synthesis of “peace–war” in the named works of 1960s based on the development of some characters, both major and minor, specific situations, collisions. We note the main artistic and philosophical aspects: synthesis of the past, present, future, sacredness of memory, peaceful “silence” and psychological extreme. We analyze poetic techniques developed by the author that help to solve the assigned tasks: dream–reality, polyphonic monologues, “dialogue in a monologue”, etc. 

The original tales of Sergei Kozlov about the Hedgehog and the Bear are full of deep philosophical content, which finds expression in intertextual allusions, the transformation of mythological images and formulas. A special place in the author’s discourse is occupied by the spacetime continuum, which can be defined as a continuous set of categories that embody the topological explication of the fairy world through mythopoetic imagery, religious subtext, and multiple allusions. Temporality as a text category becomes the axis of artistic time, imparting signs of perception to the entire space-time continuum of the work. The temporality of the fairytale cycle is determined by the switch from everyday specifics to the scale of an unlimited universe. The stopped time effect occurs at the moment of such switch. Out of time, the characters find themselves in the element of fantasy overwhelming them. The space has the features of impressionism, every moment in the life of fairytale heroes reveals a new look of the vernal world. The heavenly bodies in the spirit of the ancient fairy-tale epic are close to the earth and reified. Astral categories in the images of the moon, stars, sky reveal a connection with outer space. Anthropomorphic characters inhabiting the magical space of the forest, while retaining their archetypal features, acquire special properties in fairy tales that go far beyond the framework of folklore stereotypes. This is imagination and fantasy that have no boundaries, the ability to contemplate the beautiful, the ascent of thought to eternal philosophical problems. The Hedgehog, as the protagonist and the bearer of these qualities, often evaluates finiteness – the infinity of time, its cyclical nature, the constant change of death and birth. He, like other characters, overcomes real space and time with the help of imagination. The poetics of myth, archetypal imagery, artistic components of magical-fantastic tales, transformed in the author’s discourse of Sergei Kozlov, allow the writer to penetrate the innermost world of the child’s soul through the space-time continuum and present the most important ontological and epistemological problems of human existence and divine providence in the world to the adult reader. 

The work is a commentary on the publication of several letters, which obviously constituted the regular correspondence that existed in the 1840–1880s between the owners of two estates in the Kirsanovsky County of the Tambov Governorate – G.F. and N.A. Petrovo-Solovovo, whose estate was in the Karay-Saltykovo Village, and S.A. and S.M. Baratynsky, who lived in the Mara (Vyazhli). Several letters preserved in the Baratynsky Foundation at the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences (IRLI RAS) represent friendly correspondence in Russian and French, covering a large number of topics of everyday life in a country estate. The fact of this correspondence is interesting in the historical and literary aspect. First of all, letters are bilingual texts, the choice of language in which gives rise to reflection on the nature of the relationship in the nobility of the neighboring community that developed in one of the central Russian counties in the middle of the 19th century. This acquires special significance in cases when documents not only reveal the fact of existing social connections in general, but also, based on observation of the language, style, and emotional mode of letters, make it possible to judge the nature and duration of such connections in the community. Being one of the main historical sources, correspondence materials supplement the evidence of other documents about the past of two noble estates. In particular, this applies to historical information about the estates’ owners. And if there was always a steady interest in Mara (Vyazhli) in connection with the large-scale figure of E.A. Baratynsky, then the history of the Karay-Saltykovsky estate and several generations of its inhabitants today suffers from incompleteness, contradictions in the structure of local history narrative, extreme limited archival material and the absence of introducing new sources into the research field. The publication of letters from the first generation of the inhabitants of the estate in Karay-Saltykovo partly fills this gap. We use textual methods, classical historical study principles of external and internal criticism of the source.

The object of the analysis is the word pearl in the Russian language. The subject of the study is to consider the functioning of this lexeme in Russian poetry. The analysis uses descriptive, comparative, and stylistic methods. The word pearl was borrowed by the Russian language from Chinese through the Turkic mediation in the 12th century. The Chinese word 珍珠 [zhēnzhū] consists of two syllable morphemes 珍 ‘rare, expensive, valuable’ and 珠 ‘glob, bead’. We examine the appearance history of this lexeme in the Russian language, reveal the original and figurative meanings of the word and its word-forming and combinative activity. Lexeme pearl is entered the active vocabulary of the Russian language, became widely used in the speech of Russian people, acquired a large number of derivatives and stable phrases with them. We analyze the functioning of the word pearl, the lexemes formed from it, and the stable phrases containing these units in Russian poetry. Pearls have become a favorite means of expressing ideas about beauty, value, love, and emotions among Russian poets. The word pearl, its derivatives and phrases with it are found in the works of most Russian poets, they are noted in the poems of A.S. Pushkin,  M.Y. Lermontov, M.I. Tsvetaeva, V.Y. Bryusov, K.D. Balmont and many others. We found that in the works of poets of the 18–19th centuries, the word pearl is regularly found in the singular with an oxytonic accent, and in the twentieth century, the accentuation becomes penultimative, transferred one syllable forward. The perspective of this research is to study the use of the pearl token in translations into Russian of works by foreign authors, including Chinese ones.